世界中の市場調査レポートを販売!当社に無いレポートもお探しします。

レポートナンバー 0000032103

注入式ドラッグデリバリー装置の世界市場洞察(2022年)- 2027年までの分析と予測(メーカー別、地域別、技術別、用途別、製品タイプ別)

Prof Research

Injectable Drug Delivery Device Global Market Insights 2022, Analysis and Forecast to 2027, by Manufacturers, Regions, Technology, Application, Product Type

発刊日 2022/05/22

言語英語

体裁PDF/93ページ

ライセンス/価格93ページ

0000032103

Single
Site
Corporate

※ご請求は、お申込日のTTSレートで円換算し、消費税を加えた金額になります。
※本レポートは、英文です。PDF(電子媒体)での納品となります。
※本レポートは取り寄せとなりますので、申し込みからお届けまで、多少時間が掛かる場合がございます。

無料サンプル

  • サンプルはお問い合わせください。

レポート概要

本レポートは、2017年から2021年までの注入式ドラッグデリバリー装置の世界市場の規模と、2017年から2021年までのCAGRについて説明し、2027年末までの市場規模と2022年から2027年までのCAGRを予測します。

地域別セグメントについては、地域の供給、需要、主要企業、価格を2017年から2027年まで示します。

  • 調査地域
    ➣ 北アメリカ
    ➣ 南アメリカ
    ➣ アジア太平洋地域(APAC)
    ➣ ヨーロッパ
    ➣ 中東およびアフリカ(MEA)

各地域の主要国には、アメリカ、中国、日本、インド、韓国、ASEAN、ドイツ、フランス、イギリス、イタリア、スペイン、CIS、ブラジルなどが含まれます。

競合他社のセグメントについては、本レポートには、注入式ドラッグデリバリー装置市場の世界的な主要企業と小規模企業が含まれています。

  • 各競合他社の情報
    ➣ 会社概要
    ➣ 主な事業情報
    ➣ SWOT分析
    ➣ 販売量、収益、価格、粗利益
    ➣ 市場シェア
  • 用途別セグメント
    ➣ 免疫疾患
    ➣ 癌
    ➣ 糖尿病
    ➣ その他
  • タイプ別セグメント
    ➣ 装置
    ➣ 製剤
  • 調査企業
    ➣ Alkermes Inc.
    ➣ Genentech Inc.
    ➣ Bend Research
    ➣ QLT Inc.
    ➣ Endocyte
    ➣ BIND Biosciences Inc.
    ➣ UCB Group (UCB)
    ➣ Presage Bioscience

全企業リストが必要な場合はサンプルページを請求してください

基準年:2022年
実績データ:2017年から2021年まで
予測データ:2022年から2027まで

このレポートに関する特別な要件があればお知らせください。カスタムレポートをご提供できます。

レポート詳細

目次

Table of Content

Chapter 1 Executive Summary

Chapter 2 Abbreviation and Acronyms

Chapter 3 Preface
3.1 Research Scope
3.2 Research Sources
3.2.1 Data Sources
3.2.2 Assumptions
3.3 Research Method

Chapter 4 Market Landscape
4.1 Market Overview
4.2 Classification/Types
4.3 Application/End Users

Chapter 5 Market Trend Analysis
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Drivers
5.3 Restraints
5.4 Opportunities
5.5 Threats
5.6 Covid-19 Impact

Chapter 6 Industry Chain Analysis
6.1 Upstream/Suppliers Analysis
6.2 Injectable Drug Delivery Device Analysis
6.2.1 Technology Analysis
6.2.2 Cost Analysis
6.2.3 Market Channel Analysis
6.3 Downstream Buyers/End Users

Chapter 7 Latest Market Dynamics
7.1 Latest News
7.2 Merger and Acquisition
7.3 Planned/Future Project
7.4 Policy Dynamics

Chapter 8 Trading Analysis
8.1 Export of Injectable Drug Delivery Device by Region
8.2 Import of Injectable Drug Delivery Device by Region
8.3 Balance of Trade

Chapter 9 Historical and Forecast Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market in North America (2017-2027)
9.1 Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size
9.2 Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand by End Use
9.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
9.4 Type Segmentation and Price
9.5 Key Countries Analysis
9.5.1 United States
9.5.2 Canada
9.5.3 Mexico

Chapter 10 Historical and Forecast Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market in South America (2017-2027)
10.1 Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size
10.2 Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand by End Use
10.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
10.4 Type Segmentation and Price
10.5 Key Countries Analysis
10.5.1 Brazil
10.5.2 Argentina
10.5.3 Chile
10.5.4 Peru

Chapter 11 Historical and Forecast Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market in Asia & Pacific (2017-2027)
11.1 Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size
11.2 Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand by End Use
11.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
11.4 Type Segmentation and Price
11.5 Key Countries Analysis
11.5.1 China
11.5.2 India
11.5.3 Japan
11.5.4 South Korea
11.5.5 Southest Asia
11.5.6 Australia

Chapter 12 Historical and Forecast Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market in Europe (2017-2027)
12.1 Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size
12.2 Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand by End Use
12.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
12.4 Type Segmentation and Price
12.5 Key Countries Analysis
12.5.1 Germany
12.5.2 France
12.5.3 United Kingdom
12.5.4 Italy
12.5.5 Spain
12.5.6 Belgium
12.5.7 Netherlands
12.5.8 Austria
12.5.9 Poland
12.5.10 Russia

Chapter 13 Historical and Forecast Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market in MEA (2017-2027)
13.1 Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size
13.2 Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand by End Use
13.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
13.4 Type Segmentation and Price
13.5 Key Countries Analysis
13.5.1 Egypt
13.5.2 Israel
13.5.3 South Africa
13.5.4 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries
13.5.5 Turkey

Chapter 14 Summary For Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market (2017-2022)
14.1 Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size
14.2 Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand by End Use
14.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
14.4 Type Segmentation and Price

Chapter 15 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Forecast (2022-2027)
15.1 Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size Forecast
15.2 Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand Forecast
15.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
15.4 Type Segmentation and Price Forecast

Chapter 16 Analysis of Global Key Vendors
16.1 Alkermes Inc.
16.1.1 Company Profile
16.1.2 Main Business and Injectable Drug Delivery Device Information
16.1.3 SWOT Analysis of Alkermes Inc.
16.1.4 Alkermes Inc. Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
16.2 Genentech Inc.
16.2.1 Company Profile
16.2.2 Main Business and Injectable Drug Delivery Device Information
16.2.3 SWOT Analysis of Genentech Inc.
16.2.4 Genentech Inc. Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
16.3 Bend Research
16.3.1 Company Profile
16.3.2 Main Business and Injectable Drug Delivery Device Information
16.3.3 SWOT Analysis of Bend Research
16.3.4 Bend Research Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
16.4 QLT Inc.
16.4.1 Company Profile
16.4.2 Main Business and Injectable Drug Delivery Device Information
16.4.3 SWOT Analysis of QLT Inc.
16.4.4 QLT Inc. Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
16.5 Endocyte
16.5.1 Company Profile
16.5.2 Main Business and Injectable Drug Delivery Device Information
16.5.3 SWOT Analysis of Endocyte
16.5.4 Endocyte Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
16.6 BIND Biosciences Inc.
16.6.1 Company Profile
16.6.2 Main Business and Injectable Drug Delivery Device Information
16.6.3 SWOT Analysis of BIND Biosciences Inc.
16.6.4 BIND Biosciences Inc. Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
16.7 UCB Group (UCB)
16.7.1 Company Profile
16.7.2 Main Business and Injectable Drug Delivery Device Information
16.7.3 SWOT Analysis of UCB Group (UCB)
16.7.4 UCB Group (UCB) Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
16.8 Presage Bioscience
16.8.1 Company Profile
16.8.2 Main Business and Injectable Drug Delivery Device Information
16.8.3 SWOT Analysis of Presage Bioscience
16.8.4 Presage Bioscience Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Please ask for sample pages for full companies list

Tables and Figures
Table Abbreviation and Acronyms List
Table Research Scope of Injectable Drug Delivery Device Report
Table Data Sources of Injectable Drug Delivery Device Report
Table Major Assumptions of Injectable Drug Delivery Device Report
Figure Market Size Estimated Method
Figure Major Forecasting Factors
Figure Injectable Drug Delivery Device Picture
Table Injectable Drug Delivery Device Classification
Table Injectable Drug Delivery Device Applications List
Table Drivers of Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market
Table Restraints of Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market
Table Opportunities of Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market
Table Threats of Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market
Table Covid-19 Impact For Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market
Table Raw Materials Suppliers List
Table Different Production Methods of Injectable Drug Delivery Device
Table Cost Structure Analysis of Injectable Drug Delivery Device
Table Key End Users List
Table Latest News of Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market
Table Merger and Acquisition List
Table Planned/Future Project of Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market
Table Policy of Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market
Table 2017-2027 Regional Export of Injectable Drug Delivery Device
Table 2017-2027 Regional Import of Injectable Drug Delivery Device
Table 2017-2027 Regional Trade Balance
Figure 2017-2027 Regional Trade Balance
Table 2017-2027 North America Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2017-2027 North America Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2017-2027 North America Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2017-2027 North America Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand List by Application
Table 2017-2022 North America Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Players Sales List
Table 2017-2022 North America Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Players Market Share List
Table 2017-2027 North America Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand List by Type
Table 2017-2022 North America Injectable Drug Delivery Device Price List by Type
Table 2017-2027 United States Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 United States Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Canada Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Canada Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Mexico Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Mexico Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 South America Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2017-2027 South America Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2017-2027 South America Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2017-2027 South America Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand List by Application
Table 2017-2022 South America Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Players Sales List
Table 2017-2022 South America Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Players Market Share List
Table 2017-2027 South America Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand List by Type
Table 2017-2022 South America Injectable Drug Delivery Device Price List by Type
Table 2017-2027 Brazil Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Brazil Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Argentina Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Argentina Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Chile Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Chile Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Peru Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Peru Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Asia & Pacific Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2017-2027 Asia & Pacific Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2017-2027 Asia & Pacific Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2017-2027 Asia & Pacific Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand List by Application
Table 2017-2022 Asia & Pacific Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Players Sales List
Table 2017-2022 Asia & Pacific Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Players Market Share List
Table 2017-2027 Asia & Pacific Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand List by Type
Table 2017-2022 Asia & Pacific Injectable Drug Delivery Device Price List by Type
Table 2017-2027 China Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 China Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 India Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 India Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Japan Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Japan Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 South Korea Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 South Korea Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Southeast Asia Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size List
Table 2017-2027 Southeast Asia Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Southeast Asia Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import List
Table 2017-2027 Southeast Asia Injectable Drug Delivery Device Export List
Table 2017-2027 Australia Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Australia Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Europe Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2017-2027 Europe Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2017-2027 Europe Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2017-2027 Europe Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand List by Application
Table 2017-2022 Europe Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Players Sales List
Table 2017-2022 Europe Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Players Market Share List
Table 2017-2027 Europe Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand List by Type
Table 2017-2022 Europe Injectable Drug Delivery Device Price List by Type
Table 2017-2027 Germany Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Germany Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 France Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 France Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 United Kingdom Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 United Kingdom Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Italy Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Italy Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Spain Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Spain Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Belgium Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Belgium Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Netherlands Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Netherlands Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Austria Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Austria Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Poland Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Poland Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Russia Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Russia Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 MEA Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2017-2027 MEA Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2017-2027 MEA Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2017-2027 MEA Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand List by Application
Table 2017-2022 MEA Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Players Sales List
Table 2017-2022 MEA Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Players Market Share List
Table 2017-2027 MEA Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand List by Type
Table 2017-2022 MEA Injectable Drug Delivery Device Price List by Type
Table 2017-2027 Egypt Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Egypt Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Israel Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Israel Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 South Africa Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 South Africa Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2027 Turkey Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2017-2027 Turkey Injectable Drug Delivery Device Import & Export List
Table 2017-2022 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size List by Region
Table 2017-2022 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size Share List by Region
Table 2017-2022 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Volume List by Region
Table 2017-2022 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Volume Share List by Region
Table 2017-2022 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand List by Application
Table 2017-2022 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand Market Share List by Application
Table 2017-2022 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Vendors Sales List
Table 2017-2022 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Vendors Sales Share List
Figure 2017-2022 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Volume and Growth Rate
Table 2017-2022 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Vendors Revenue List
Figure 2017-2022 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Growth Rate
Table 2017-2022 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Vendors Revenue Share List
Table 2017-2022 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand List by Type
Table 2017-2022 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand Market Share List by Type
Table 2017-2022 Regional Injectable Drug Delivery Device Price List
Table 2022-2027 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size List by Region
Table 2022-2027 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size Share List by Region
Table 2022-2027 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Volume List by Region
Table 2022-2027 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Volume Share List by Region
Table 2022-2027 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand List by Application
Table 2022-2027 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand Market Share List by Application
Table 2022-2027 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Vendors Sales List
Table 2022-2027 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Vendors Sales Share List
Figure 2022-2027 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Volume and Growth Rate
Table 2022-2027 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Vendors Revenue List
Figure 2022-2027 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Size and Growth Rate
Table 2022-2027 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Key Vendors Revenue Share List
Table 2022-2027 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand List by Type
Table 2022-2027 Global Injectable Drug Delivery Device Demand Market Share List by Type
Table 2022-2027 Injectable Drug Delivery Device Regional Price List
Table Alkermes Inc. Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Alkermes Inc.
Table 2017-2022 Alkermes Inc. Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2017-2022 Alkermes Inc. Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Alkermes Inc. Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Share
Table Genentech Inc. Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Genentech Inc.
Table 2017-2022 Genentech Inc. Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2017-2022 Genentech Inc. Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Genentech Inc. Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Share
Table Bend Research Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Bend Research
Table 2017-2022 Bend Research Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2017-2022 Bend Research Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Bend Research Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Share
Table QLT Inc. Information
Table SWOT Analysis of QLT Inc.
Table 2017-2022 QLT Inc. Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2017-2022 QLT Inc. Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 QLT Inc. Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Share
Table Endocyte Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Endocyte
Table 2017-2022 Endocyte Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2017-2022 Endocyte Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Endocyte Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Share
Table BIND Biosciences Inc. Information
Table SWOT Analysis of BIND Biosciences Inc.
Table 2017-2022 BIND Biosciences Inc. Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2017-2022 BIND Biosciences Inc. Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 BIND Biosciences Inc. Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Share
Table UCB Group (UCB) Information
Table SWOT Analysis of UCB Group (UCB)
Table 2017-2022 UCB Group (UCB) Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2017-2022 UCB Group (UCB) Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 UCB Group (UCB) Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Share
Table Presage Bioscience Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Presage Bioscience
Table 2017-2022 Presage Bioscience Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2017-2022 Presage Bioscience Injectable Drug Delivery Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Presage Bioscience Injectable Drug Delivery Device Market Share
......

この商品のレポートナンバー

0000032103

TOP