目次

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION (Page No. - 22)
1.1 STUDY OBJECTIVES
1.2 MARKET DEFINITION
1.2.1 INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS OF STUDY
1.3 MARKET SCOPE
1.3.1 MARKET SEGMENTATION
1.3.2 REGIONAL SEGMENTATION
1.3.3 YEARS CONSIDERED
1.4 CURRENCY
1.5 LIMITATIONS
1.6 MARKET STAKEHOLDERS
1.7 SUMMARY OF CHANGES
1.8 RECESSION IMPACT

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (Page No. - 28)
2.1 RESEARCH DATA
2.1.1 SECONDARY DATA
2.1.1.1 Secondary sources
2.1.2 PRIMARY DATA
2.1.2.1 Key data from primary sources
2.1.2.2 Key industry insights
2.1.2.3 Breakdown of primary interviews
2.2 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION
2.2.1 GROWTH FORECAST
2.3 MARKET BREAKDOWN AND DATA TRIANGULATION
2.4 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS
2.5 STUDY ASSUMPTIONS
2.6 RISK ASSESSMENT
2.7 RECESSION IMPACT ANALYSIS

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (Page No. - 41)

4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS (Page No. - 44)
4.1 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET OVERVIEW
4.2 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY TECHNIQUE, 2023-2028
4.3 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT AND COUNTRY (2022)
4.4 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET: GEOGRAPHIC GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES

5 MARKET OVERVIEW (Page No. - 47)
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 MARKET DYNAMICS
5.2.1 DRIVERS
5.2.1.1 Increasing incidence of chronic and infectious diseases and growing awareness about early disease diagnosis
5.2.1.2 Increasing vaccine development to address challenges of antimicrobial resistance
5.2.1.3 Increasing use of ELISpot and FluoroSpot assays in oncology
5.2.1.4 ELISpot assays as diagnostic tool in drug hypersensitivity reaction
5.2.1.5 Growth in biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries
5.2.2 RESTRAINTS
5.2.2.1 Stringent requirements for approval of ELISpot and FluoroSpot assay instruments and consumables
5.2.2.2 High cost of assays kits and analyzers
5.2.3 OPPORTUNITIES
5.2.3.1 Use of FluoroSpot assays for multiple-analyte detection in single well
5.2.3.2 Emerging economies
5.2.4 CHALLENGES
5.2.4.1 Availability of alternative detection technologies
5.2.4.2 Dearth of skilled professionals
5.3 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS
5.4 SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS
5.5 TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS
5.6 PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS
5.6.1 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS
5.6.2 INTENSITY OF COMPETITIVE RIVALRY
5.6.3 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS
5.6.4 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS
5.6.5 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES
5.7 KEY STAKEHOLDERS AND BUYING CRITERIA
5.7.1 KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS
5.7.2 BUYING CRITERIA
5.8 REGULATORY LANDSCAPE
5.8.1 US
5.8.2 CANADA
5.8.3 EUROPE
5.8.4 JAPAN
5.8.5 CHINA
5.8.6 INDIA
5.8.7 RUSSIA
5.8.8 SAUDI ARABIA
5.8.9 MEXICO
5.8.10 BRAZIL
5.8.11 SOUTH KOREA
5.8.12 MIDDLE EAST
5.8.13 AFRICA
5.9 KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS
5.10 PATENT ANALYSIS
5.11 PRICING ANALYSIS
5.12 TRADE ANALYSIS
5.12.1 TRADE ANALYSIS FOR ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS
5.13 ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS
5.13.1 ROLE IN ECOSYSTEM
5.14 TRENDS/DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMER’S BUSINESS

6 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT (Page No. - 80)
6.1 INTRODUCTION
6.2 ASSAY KITS
6.2.1 ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY TECHNIQUE
6.2.1.1 ELISpot assay kits
6.2.1.1.1 Need for highly sensitive immune monitoring requirements in clinical trials to drive market
6.2.1.2 FluoroSpot assay kits
6.2.1.2.1 Increasing demand for multiple analyte detection and technological advancements to support market growth
6.2.2 ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY UTILITY
6.2.2.1 Diagnostic kits
6.2.2.1.1 Need for early diagnosis of infections to drive market
6.2.2.2 Research kits
6.2.2.2.1 Increasing investments in vaccine research, clinical trials, and cancer research to drive market
6.2.3 ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY ANALYTE
6.2.3.1 T-cell-based kits
6.2.3.1.1 Low concentrations of infection-released analytes necessitate use of T-cell-based kits
6.2.3.2 B-cell-based kits
6.2.3.2.1 Detection of B-cell-based antibodies useful to study cell response post-infection/vaccination
6.2.3.3 Other analyte kits
6.3 ANALYZERS
6.3.1 ADOPTION OF ASSAY KITS TO DRIVE USE OF ANALYZERS
6.4 ANCILLARY PRODUCTS
6.4.1 REPEATED USAGE OF ANCILLARY PRODUCTS INTEGRAL TO RELIABILITY AND SUCCESS OF ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS

7 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION (Page No. - 101)
7.1 INTRODUCTION
7.2 DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATIONS
7.2.1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
7.2.1.1 Rising prevalence of infectious diseases to drive market
7.2.2 TRANSPLANTS
7.2.2.1 Growing incidence of infections caused during transplant procedures to drive demand
7.3 RESEARCH APPLICATIONS
7.3.1 VACCINE DEVELOPMENT
7.3.1.1 Largest and fastest-growing segment of market
7.3.2 CLINICAL TRIALS
7.3.2.1 Growing number of clinical trials to drive demand
7.3.3 CANCER RESEARCH
7.3.3.1 Rising prevalence of cancer to support market growth

8 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER (Page No. - 118)
8.1 INTRODUCTION
8.2 HOSPITAL AND CLINICAL LABORATORIES
8.2.1 IMPROVING HEALTHCARE INFRASTRUCTURE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES TO DRIVE MARKET
8.3 RESEARCH INSTITUTES
8.3.1 FASTEST-GROWING END USER OF ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS
8.4 BIOPHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES AND CONTRACT RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS
8.4.1 GROWTH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY TO PROPEL GROWTH

9 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY REGION (Page No. - 127)
9.1 INTRODUCTION
9.2 NORTH AMERICA
9.2.1 NORTH AMERICA: RECESSION IMPACT
9.2.2 US
9.2.2.1 Rising prevalence of chronic diseases to drive market
9.2.3 CANADA
9.2.3.1 Rising healthcare expenditure to drive adoption of ELISpot and FluoroSpot assays
9.3 EUROPE
9.3.1 EUROPE: RECESSION IMPACT
9.3.2 GERMANY
9.3.2.1 Fastest-growing country in European ELISpot and FluoroSpot assays market
9.3.3 UK
9.3.3.1 Rising prevalence of NCDs to drive market
9.3.4 FRANCE
9.3.4.1 Need for early disease diagnosis to support market growth
9.3.5 ITALY
9.3.5.1 Increasing incidence of cancer to propel market
9.3.6 SPAIN
9.3.6.1 High incidence of chronic diseases to drive market
9.3.7 REST OF EUROPE
9.4 ASIA PACIFIC
9.4.1 ASIA PACIFIC: RECESSION IMPACT
9.4.2 CHINA
9.4.2.1 Rising focus on vaccine development and cancer research to drive market
9.4.3 JAPAN
9.4.3.1 Increased focus on vaccine research to support market growth
9.4.4 INDIA
9.4.4.1 increasing focus on cancer research and therapy to drive market
9.4.5 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC
9.5 REST OF THE WORLD
9.5.1 REST OF THE WORLD: RECESSION IMPACT

10 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE (Page No. - 163)
10.1 OVERVIEW
10.2 STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY KEY PLAYERS
10.3 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS
10.4 REVENUE SHARE ANALYSIS
10.5 COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX
10.5.1 STARS
10.5.2 EMERGING LEADERS
10.5.3 PERVASIVE PLAYERS
10.5.4 PARTICIPANTS
10.6 SME/STARTUP EVALUATION MATRIX
10.6.1 PROGRESSIVE COMPANIES
10.6.2 RESPONSIVE COMPANIES
10.6.3 DYNAMIC COMPANIES
10.6.4 STARTING BLOCKS
10.7 COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING
10.8 COMPANY FOOTPRINT
10.9 COMPETITIVE SCENARIO
10.9.1 PRODUCT LAUNCHES
10.9.2 DEALS
10.9.3 OTHER DEVELOPMENTS

11 COMPANY PROFILES (Page No. - 177)
11.1 KEY PLAYERS
11.1.1 OXFORD IMMUNOTEC USA, INC. (SUBSIDIARY OF REVVITY, INC.)
11.1.1.1 Business overview
11.1.1.2 Products offered
11.1.1.3 Recent developments
11.1.1.4 MnM view
11.1.1.4.1 Right to win
11.1.1.4.2 Strategic choices
11.1.1.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
11.1.2 BECTON, DICKINSON AND COMPANY
11.1.2.1 Business overview
11.1.2.2 Products offered
11.1.2.3 Recent developments
11.1.2.4 MnM view
11.1.2.4.1 Right to win
11.1.2.4.2 Strategic choices
11.1.2.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
11.1.3 BIO-TECHNE
11.1.3.1 Business overview
11.1.3.2 Products offered
11.1.3.3 MnM view
11.1.3.3.1 Right to win
11.1.3.3.2 Strategic choices
11.1.3.3.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
11.1.4 CELLULAR TECHNOLOGY LIMITED
11.1.4.1 Business overview
11.1.4.2 Products offered
11.1.4.3 Recent developments
11.1.5 MABTECH
11.1.5.1 Business overview
11.1.5.2 Products offered
11.1.5.3 Recent developments
11.1.6 ABCAM PLC
11.1.6.1 Business overview
11.1.6.2 Products offered
11.1.6.3 Recent developments
11.1.7 MERCK KGAA
11.1.7.1 Business overview
11.1.7.2 Products offered
11.1.8 AUTOIMMUN DIAGNOSTIKA GMBH
11.1.8.1 Business overview
11.1.8.2 Products offered
11.1.9 U-CYTECH
11.1.9.1 Business overview
11.1.9.2 Products offered
11.1.10 MIKROGEN DIAGNOSTIK
11.1.10.1 Business overview
11.1.10.2 Products offered
11.1.11 MEDIX BIOCHEMICA
11.1.11.1 Business overview
11.1.11.2 Products offered
11.1.12 ABNOVA CORPORATION
11.1.12.1 Business overview
11.1.12.2 Products offered
11.1.13 ANOGEN-YES BIOTECH LABORATORIES LTD.
11.1.13.1 Business overview
11.1.13.2 Products offered
11.1.14 BIORBYT LTD.
11.1.14.1 Business overview
11.1.14.2 Products offered
11.1.15 BIOSYS SCIENTIFIC DEVICES GMBH
11.1.15.1 Business overview
11.1.15.2 Products offered
11.2 OTHER PLAYERS
11.2.1 JACKSON IMMUNORESEARCH INC.
11.2.1.1 Business overview
11.2.1.2 Products offered
11.2.2 IST SCIENTIFIC
11.2.2.1 Business overview
11.2.2.2 Products offered
11.2.3 SERVA ELECTROPHORESIS GMBH
11.2.3.1 Business overview
11.2.3.2 Products offered
11.2.4 ACROBIOSYSTEMS
11.2.4.1 Business overview
11.2.4.2 Products offered
11.2.5 NATIONAL ANALYTICAL CORPORATION
11.2.5.1 Business overview
11.2.5.2 Products offered
11.2.6 STEMCELL TECHNOLOGIES
11.2.6.1 Business overview
11.2.6.2 Products offered
11.2.7 ZENBIO, INC.
11.2.7.1 Business overview
11.2.7.2 Products offered
11.2.8 BOC SCIENCES
11.2.8.1 Business overview
11.2.8.2 Products offered
11.2.9 TOKYO CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., LTD.
11.2.9.1 Business overview
11.2.9.2 Products offered
11.2.10 MP BIOMEDICALS
11.2.10.1 Business overview
11.2.10.2 Products offered

12 APPENDIX (Page No. - 223)
12.1 INSIGHTS FROM INDUSTRY EXPERTS
12.2 DISCUSSION GUIDE
12.3 KNOWLEDGESTORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS’ SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL
12.4 CUSTOMIZATION OPTIONS
12.5 RELATED REPORTS
12.6 AUTHOR DETAILS

LIST OF TABLES (207 TABLES)
TABLE 1 RISK ASSESSMENT
TABLE 2 GLOBAL INCIDENCE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
TABLE 3 INCIDENCE OF CANCER IN MEN, 2020
TABLE 4 INCIDENCE OF CANCER IN WOMEN, 2020
TABLE 5 EXAMPLES OF ELISPOT ASSAYS IN DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS
TABLE 6 INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS FOR END USERS (%)
TABLE 7 KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR END USERS
TABLE 8 REGULATORY AUTHORITIES GOVERNING ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET
TABLE 9 US: CLASSIFICATION OF ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAY PRODUCTS
TABLE 10 EUROPE: CLASSIFICATION OF IVD DEVICES
TABLE 11 JAPAN: TIME, COST, AND COMPLEXITY OF REGISTRATION PROCESS
TABLE 12 CHINA: TIME, COST, AND COMPLEXITY OF REGISTRATION PROCESS
TABLE 13 RUSSIA: CLASSIFICATION OF IVD DEVICES
TABLE 14 SAUDI ARABIA: TIME, COST, AND COMPLEXITY OF REGISTRATION PROCESS
TABLE 15 MEXICO: TIME, COST, AND COMPLEXITY OF REGISTRATION PROCESS
TABLE 16 SOUTH KOREA: TIME, COST, AND COMPLEXITY OF REGISTRATION PROCESS
TABLE 17 LIST OF CONFERENCES AND EVENTS, 2023-2025
TABLE 18 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET: PRICE RANGE FOR ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAY PRODUCTS
TABLE 19 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF PRODUCTS OFFERED BY KEY PLAYERS (2022)
TABLE 20 IMPORT DATA FOR HS CODE 382200, BY COUNTRY, 2017-2022 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 21 EXPORT DATA FOR HS CODE 382200, BY COUNTRY, 2017-2022 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 22 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 23 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 24 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 25 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 26 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 27 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY TECHNIQUE, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 28 ELISPOT ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 29 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 30 EUROPE: ELISPOT ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 31 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 32 FLUOROSPOT ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 33 NORTH AMERICA: FLUOROSPOT ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 34 EUROPE: FLUOROSPOT ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 35 ASIA PACIFIC: FLUOROSPOT ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 36 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY UTILITY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 37 CANCER CASES, BY TYPE, 2020
TABLE 38 DIAGNOSTIC KITS MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 39 NORTH AMERICA: DIAGNOSTIC KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 40 EUROPE: DIAGNOSTIC KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 41 ASIA PACIFIC: DIAGNOSTIC KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 42 RESEARCH KITS MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 43 NORTH AMERICA: RESEARCH KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 44 EUROPE: RESEARCH KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 45 ASIA PACIFIC: RESEARCH KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 46 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAY KITS MARKET, BY ANALYTE, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 47 T-CELL-BASED KITS MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 48 NORTH AMERICA: T-CELL-BASED KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 49 EUROPE: T-CELL-BASED KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 50 ASIA PACIFIC: T-CELL-BASED KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 51 B-CELL-BASED KITS MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 52 NORTH AMERICA: B-CELL-BASED KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 53 EUROPE: B-CELL-BASED KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 54 ASIA PACIFIC: B-CELL-BASED KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 55 OTHER ANALYTE KITS MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 56 NORTH AMERICA: OTHER ANALYTE KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 57 EUROPE: OTHER ANALYTE KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 58 ASIA PACIFIC: OTHER ANALYTE KITS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 59 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ANALYZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 60 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ANALYZERS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 61 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ANALYZERS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 62 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ANALYZERS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 63 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ANCILLARY PRODUCTS MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 64 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ANCILLARY PRODUCTS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 65 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ANCILLARY PRODUCTS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 66 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ANCILLARY PRODUCTS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 67 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 68 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATIONS, BY TYPE, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 69 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATIONS, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 70 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 71 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 72 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 73 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 74 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 75 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 76 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 77 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR TRANSPLANTS, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 78 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR TRANSPLANTS, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 79 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR TRANSPLANTS, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 80 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR TRANSPLANTS, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 81 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR RESEARCH APPLICATIONS, BY TYPE, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 82 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR RESEARCH APPLICATIONS, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 83 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR RESEARCH APPLICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 84 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR RESEARCH APPLICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 85 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR RESEARCH APPLICATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 86 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 87 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 88 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 89 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 90 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR CLINICAL TRIALS, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 91 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR CLINICAL TRIALS, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 92 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR CLINICAL TRIALS, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 93 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR CLINICAL TRIALS, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 94 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR CANCER RESEARCH, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 95 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR CANCER RESEARCH, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 96 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR CANCER RESEARCH, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 97 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR CANCER RESEARCH, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 98 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 99 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR HOSPITAL AND CLINICAL LABORATORIES, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 100 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR HOSPITAL AND CLINICAL LABORATORIES, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 101 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR HOSPITAL AND CLINICAL LABORATORIES, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 102 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR HOSPITAL AND CLINICAL LABORATORIES, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 103 GRANTS, BY CANCER TYPE, 2023
TABLE 104 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR RESEARCH INSTITUTES, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 105 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR RESEARCH INSTITUTES, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 106 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR RESEARCH INSTITUTES, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 107 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR RESEARCH INSTITUTES, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 108 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR BIOPHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES AND CROS, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 109 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR BIOPHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES AND CROS, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 110 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR BIOPHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES AND CROS, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 111 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET FOR BIOPHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES AND CROS, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 112 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 113 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 114 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 115 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 116 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 117 US: KEY MACROINDICATORS
TABLE 118 US: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 119 US: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 120 US: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 121 CANADA: KEY MACROINDICATORS
TABLE 122 CANADA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 123 CANADA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 124 CANADA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 125 EUROPE: HEALTHCARE EXPENDITURE, BY COUNTRY
TABLE 126 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 127 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 128 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 129 EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 130 GERMANY: KEY MACROINDICATORS
TABLE 131 GERMANY: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 132 GERMANY: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 133 GERMANY: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 134 UK: KEY MACROINDICATORS
TABLE 135 UK: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 136 UK: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 137 UK: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 138 FRANCE: KEY MACROINDICATORS
TABLE 139 FRANCE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 140 FRANCE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 141 FRANCE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 142 ITALY: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 143 ITALY: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 144 ITALY: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 145 SPAIN: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 146 SPAIN: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 147 SPAIN: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 148 REST OF EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 149 REST OF EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 150 REST OF EUROPE: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 151 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 152 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 153 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 154 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 155 CHINA: KEY MACROINDICATORS
TABLE 156 CHINA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 157 CHINA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 158 CHINA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 159 JAPAN: KEY MACROINDICATORS
TABLE 160 JAPAN: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 161 JAPAN: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 162 JAPAN: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 163 INDIA: KEY MACROINDICATORS
TABLE 164 INDIA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 165 INDIA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 166 INDIA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 167 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 168 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 169 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 170 REST OF THE WORLD: POPULATION AGED 65 AND ABOVE, 2022
TABLE 171 REST OF THE WORLD: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 172 REST OF THE WORLD: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 173 REST OF THE WORLD: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2020-2028 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 174 OVERVIEW OF STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY KEY PLAYERS IN ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET
TABLE 175 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET: DEGREE OF COMPETITION
TABLE 176 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET: DETAILED LIST OF KEY STARTUPS/SMES
TABLE 177 COMPANY FOOTPRINT
TABLE 178 PRODUCT FOOTPRINT
TABLE 179 REGIONAL FOOTPRINT
TABLE 180 KEY PRODUCT LAUNCHES, JANUARY 2020-OCTOBER 2023
TABLE 181 KEY DEALS, JANUARY 2020-OCTOBER 2023
TABLE 182 OTHER KEY DEVELOPMENTS, JANUARY 2020-OCTOBER 2023
TABLE 183 OXFORD IMMUNOTEC USA, INC. (SUBSIDIARY OF REVVITY, INC.): BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 184 BECTON, DICKINSON AND COMPANY: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 185 BIO-TECHNE: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 186 CELLULAR TECHNOLOGY LIMITED: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 187 MABTECH: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 188 ABCAM PLC: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 189 MERCK KGAA: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 190 AUTOIMMUN DIAGNOSTIKA GMBH: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 191 U-CYTECH: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 192 MIKROGEN DIAGNOSTIK: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 193 MEDIX BIOCHEMICA: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 194 ABNOVA CORPORATION: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 195 ANOGEN-YES BIOTECH LABORATORIES LTD.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 196 BIORBYT LTD.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 197 BIOSYS SCIENTIFIC DEVICES GMBH: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 198 JACKSON IMMUNORESEARCH INC.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 199 IST SCIENTIFIC: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 200 SERVA ELECTROPHORESIS GMBH: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 201 ACROBIOSYSTEMS: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 202 NATIONAL ANALYTICAL CORPORATION: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 203 STEMCELL TECHNOLOGIES: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 204 ZENBIO, INC.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 205 BOC SCIENCES: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 206 TOKYO CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., LTD.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
TABLE 207 MP BIOMEDICALS: BUSINESS OVERVIEW

LIST OF FIGURES (47 FIGURES)
FIGURE 1 RESEARCH DESIGN
FIGURE 2 PRIMARY SOURCES
FIGURE 3 BREAKDOWN OF PRIMARY INTERVIEWS: SUPPLY-SIDE AND DEMAND-SIDE PARTICIPANTS
FIGURE 4 BREAKDOWN OF PRIMARY INTERVIEWS: BY COMPANY TYPE, DESIGNATION, AND REGION
FIGURE 5 REVENUE SHARE ANALYSIS ILLUSTRATION: OXFORD IMMUNOTEC USA, INC. (SUBSIDIARY OF REVVITY, INC.) (UK)
FIGURE 6 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION: BOTTOM-UP APPROACH
FIGURE 7 CAGR PROJECTIONS: SUPPLY-SIDE ANALYSIS
FIGURE 8 TOP-DOWN APPROACH
FIGURE 9 DATA TRIANGULATION METHODOLOGY
FIGURE 10 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2023 VS. 2028 (USD MILLION)
FIGURE 11 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2023 VS. 2028 (USD MILLION)
FIGURE 12 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY END USER, 2023 VS. 2028 (USD MILLION)
FIGURE 13 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET, BY REGION, 2023 VS. 2028 (USD MILLION)
FIGURE 14 RISING INCIDENCE OF CHRONIC AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES TO DRIVE MARKET
FIGURE 15 ELISPOT ASSAY KITS TO REGISTER HIGHER GROWTH DURING FORECAST PERIOD
FIGURE 16 ASSAY KITS ACCOUNTED FOR LARGEST SHARE OF NORTH AMERICAN ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET IN 2022
FIGURE 17 ASIA PACIFIC COUNTRIES TO REGISTER HIGHER GROWTH DURING FORECAST PERIOD
FIGURE 18 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET: DRIVERS, RESTRAINTS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES
FIGURE 19 INCIDENCE OF DIABETES, BY REGION, 2019 VS. 2030 VS. 2045 (MILLION)
FIGURE 20 HEALTHCARE EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA IN BRIC COUNTRIES, 2012-2020
FIGURE 21 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS: MAJOR VALUE ADDED DURING MANUFACTURING AND ASSEMBLY PHASES
FIGURE 22 DIRECT DISTRIBUTION—PREFERRED STRATEGY FOR PROMINENT COMPANIES
FIGURE 23 INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS FOR END USERS
FIGURE 24 KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR END USERS
FIGURE 25 US: REGULATORY PROCESS FOR IVD DEVICES
FIGURE 26 CANADA: REGULATORY PROCESS FOR IVD DEVICES
FIGURE 27 JAPAN: REGULATORY PROCESS FOR IVD DEVICES
FIGURE 28 INDIA: REGULATORY PROCESS FOR IVD DEVICES
FIGURE 29 MEXICO: REGULATORY PROCESS FOR IVD DEVICES
FIGURE 30 BRAZIL: REGULATORY PROCESS FOR IVD DEVICES
FIGURE 31 PATENT ANALYSIS FOR ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS
FIGURE 32 KEY PLAYERS OPERATING IN ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET
FIGURE 33 PATIENTS ON WAITING LIST FOR ORGAN TRANSPLANTS, 2023
FIGURE 34 NUMBER OF TRANSPLANTS PERFORMED IN 2023
FIGURE 35 NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIALS, BY REGION, 2010-2021
FIGURE 36 NUMBER OF REGISTERED CLINICAL STUDIES, 2023
FIGURE 37 NORTH AMERICA: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET SNAPSHOT
FIGURE 38 ASIA PACIFIC: ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET SNAPSHOT
FIGURE 39 REVENUE ANALYSIS OF KEY PUBLIC PLAYERS IN ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET
FIGURE 40 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS: MARKET RANKING ANALYSIS, 2022
FIGURE 41 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET: COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX, 2022
FIGURE 42 ELISPOT AND FLUOROSPOT ASSAYS MARKET: SME/STARTUP EVALUATION MATRIX, 2022
FIGURE 43 REVVITY, INC.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT (2023)
FIGURE 44 BECTON, DICKINSON AND COMPANY: COMPANY SNAPSHOT (2022)
FIGURE 45 BIO-TECHNE: COMPANY SNAPSHOT (2023)
FIGURE 46 ABCAM PLC: COMPANY SNAPSHOT (2022)
FIGURE 47 MERCK KGAA: COMPANY SNAPSHOT (2022)